C++ Exception Handling

Exception Handling in C++ is a process to handle runtime errors. We perform exception handling so the normal flow of the application can be maintained even after runtime errors.

In C++, exception is an event or object which is thrown at runtime. All exceptions are derived from std::exception class. It is a runtime error which can be handled. If we don't handle the exception, it prints exception message and terminates the program.

Advantage

It maintains the normal flow of the application. In such case, rest of the code is executed even after exception.

C++ Exception Classes

In C++ standard exceptions are defined in <exception> class that we can use inside our programs. The arrangement of parent-child class hierarchy is shown below:

All the exception classes in C++ are derived from std::exception class. Let's see the list of C++ common exception classes.

Exception	Description
std::exception	It is an exception and parent class of all standard C++ exceptions.
std::logic_failure	It is an exception that can be detected by reading a code.
std::runtime_error	It is an exception that cannot be detected by reading a code.
std::bad_exception	It is used to handle the unexpected exceptions in a c++ program.
std::bad_cast	This exception is generally be thrown by dynamic_cast.
std::bad_typeid	This exception is generally be thrown by typeid.
std::bad_alloc	This exception is generally be thrown by new.