Pig Latin

The Pig Latin is a data flow language used by Apache Pig to analyze the data in Hadoop. It is a textual language that abstracts the programming from the Java MapReduce idiom into a notation.

Pig Latin Statements

The Pig Latin statements are used to process the data. It is an operator that accepts a relation as an input and generates another relation as an output.

It can span multiple lines.
Each statement must end with a semi-colon.
It may include expression and schemas.
By default, these statements are processed using multi-query execution

Pig Latin Conventions

Convention	Description
( )	The parenthesis can enclose one or more items. It can also be used to indicate the tuple data type. Example - (10, xyz, (3,6,9))
[ ]	The straight brackets can enclose one or more items. It can also be used to indicate the map data type. Example - [INNER \| OUTER]
{ }	The curly brackets enclose two or more items. It can also be used to indicate the bag data type Example - { block \| nested_block }
...	The horizontal ellipsis points indicate that you can repeat a portion of the code. Example - cat path [path ...]

Latin Data Types

Simple Data Types

Type	Description
int	It defines the signed 32-bit integer. Example - 2
long	It defines the signed 64-bit integer. Example - 2L or 2l
float	It defines 32-bit floating point number. Example - 2.5F or 2.5f or 2.5e2f or 2.5.E2F
double	It defines 64-bit floating point number. Example - 2.5 or 2.5 or 2.5e2f or 2.5.E2F
chararray	It defines character array in Unicode UTF-8 format. Example - javatpoint
bytearray	It defines the byte array.
boolean	It defines the boolean type values. Example - true/false
datetime	It defines the values in datetime order. Example - 1970-01- 01T00:00:00.000+00:00
biginteger	It defines Java BigInteger values. Example - 5000000000000
bigdecimal	It defines Java BigDecimal values. Example - 52.232344535345

Complex Types

Type	Description
tuple	It defines an ordered set of fields. Example - (15,12)
bag	It defines a collection of tuples. Example - {(15,12), (12,15)}
map	It defines a set of key-value pairs. Example - [open#apache]