What is the full form of APJ Abdul Kalam

APJ Abdul Kalam: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

APJ Abdul Kalam was the 11th President of India. He was a former Indian scientist who is popularly known as the Missile Man of India. He was born on October 15, 1931, at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu.

Academics:

• He completed his schooling from the Schwartz Higher Secondary School in Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu.
• He graduated in physics from St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli in 1954.
• After completing his graduation, he moved to Madras where he completed a diploma in aeronautical engineering from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1955.

Career:

• He started his career in 1958 with Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) where he worked as a chief scientist.
• In 1962 he moved out of DRDO and joined Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) as a project director.
• In 1969, he moved and began working with the Indian Space Research Organization, where he oversaw the development of the SLV-III, the country's first satellite launch vehicle. Following his return to DRDO in 1982, Kalam oversaw the creation of a number of effective missiles, gaining the nickname "Missile Man." One of these achievements was the 1989 launch of Agni, India's first intermediate-range ballistic missile, which included SLV-III components.
• From 1992 to 1999, he served as the Chief Scientific Adviser to Prime Minister and as the Secretary of Defence Research and Development Organization.
• From 2002 to 2007, he served as the president of India. He was very active throughout his life so after completing his term as President, he kept himself engaged and visited various renowned institutes and universities of India as a visiting professor.

Awards:

He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1981, Padma Vibhushan in 1990, and Bharat Ratna in 1997.

Personal life:

He remained a bachelor throughout his life. He had four elder siblings; one elder sister and three elder brothers.

Although he was a lifelong bachelor, he was very close to his elder siblings and their extended families and would frequently send them small amounts of money.

Kalam was recognised for his straightforwardness and honesty. He never had a television and had a routine of getting up at 6:30 or 7 in the morning and going to bed by 2 in the morning. Some meagre personal belongings comprised a laptop, a CD player, some apparel, his books, and a veena. He passed away without leaving a will, thus his elder brother, who survived him, received his property.

Island

In September 2015, Abdul Kalam Island, a national missile test facility in Odisha, was renamed Island Wheeler Island.

Road

In August 2015, a well-known route in New Delhi was renamed Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Road from Aurangzeb Road.

Species of plants

In his honour, "Drypetes kalamii" was given by botanists from the Botanical Survey of India to a newly discovered plant species in February 2018.

Memorial

In Rameswaram, an island settlement in Tamil Nadu, the DRDO constructed the Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam National Memorial in Kalam's honour. In July 2017, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave it a ceremonial opening. Replicas of the rockets and missiles that Kalam worked with are on exhibit. The exhibition includes acrylic paintings of the mass leader's life in addition to hundreds of portraits depicting it. A statue of Kalam playing the Veena may be found in the entryway. Two smaller statues depict the commander in both a seated and a standing position.

Death

The Missile Man of India and former president APJ Abdul Kalam passed away on July 27, 2015, while giving a lecture at IIM Shillong. Between 2002 through 2007, Kalam, the nation's most likeable leader, served as India's 11th president. He had a heart arrest during his address at IIM Shillong, which caused him to pass away. He passed away when he was 83 years old.

While speaking to the IIM Shillong students, Kalam passed out on stage. He collapsed suddenly and was taken to a hospital in the city where physicians pronounced him dead. He reportedly had a heart arrest, according to the reports.