6) The number of employees is reduced in the ratio 3: 2 and the salary of each employee are increased in the ratio 4: 5. By doing so, the company saves Rs. 12000. What was the initial expenditure on the salary?
62000
60000
50000
72000
Answer: D
Explanation:
Initial: Final
ATQ, the number of employees: 3 : 2
The salary of each employee: 4 : 5
Then the expenditure will be: 4*3 = 12: 2*5 = 10
12 (initial expenditure): 10 (final expenditure)
Or, if the final expenditure = 10, that means the initial expenditure was 12.
We can say that the total expenditure reduced by = 12-10 =2units
Or, 2 units = 12000 (as it is given that 12000 is saved by the company)
So, 1 unit = 6000
Now, the initial expenditure on salary = 12 units *6000 = Rs.72000
[12 comes from ratio 12: 10 where 12 indicates initial expenditure and 10 final expenditure]
7) The ratio of the salary of A and B, one year ago is 3: 2. The ratio of original salary to the increased salary of A is 2: 3 and that of B is 3: 4. The total present salary of A and B together is Rs. 21500. Find the salary of B.
6000
7000
8000
9000
Answer: C
Explanation:
The initial ratio of A and B is 3: 2
Increased salary of A is 2: 3 that means if it was 2 then it becomes 3.
i.e., if it was 2, it becomes 3
Or, 1 becomes 3/2
But the A's ratio was 3, so we have to calculate for 3
3 becomes (3/2) * 3 = 9/2 = 4.5
Similarly, B?s increase is 3: 4
3 becomes 4
Or, 1 becomes 4/3
But the B's ratio was 2, so we have to calculate for 2
i.e., 2 become (4/3)* 2 = 8/3
That means if the old ratio of A: B = 3: 2
Then the new ratio of A: B = 4.5: 8/3
So, the new ratio of A: B = 13.5: 8
Now, the salary of B = (B's share/ Sum of ratios)* total salary
Hence, the salary of B = (8/21.5) * 21500 = 8000
8) The ratio of income of two workers A and B are 3: 4. The ratio of expenditure of A and B is 2: 3 and each saves Rs 200. Find the income of A and B.
500, 600
600, 800
600, 900
800, 1000
Answer: B
Explanation:
Let the income of A = 3x, B = 4x
Expenditure ratio = 2: 3
Saving in each case = 200
Income of A = 3 * 200 = 600
Income of B = 4 * 200 = 800
9) The ratio of the expenditure of Pervez, Sunny, and Ashu are 16: 12: 9 respectively and their savings are 20%, 25%, 40% of their income. The sum of the income is Rs 1530, find Sunny's salary.
200
480
300
420
Answer: B
Explanation:
Let the income of Pervez = x, then the saving = 20x/100
Income of Sunny = y, then the saving = 25y/100
Income of Ashu = z, then the saving = 40z/100
Apply formula
Income - saving = Expenditure
x- 20x/100 = 16
Or, 80x=1600
Or, x = 20
y - 25y/ 100 = 12
Or, 75y/100 = 12
Or, y = 1200/75 = 16
z - 40z/ 100 = 9
Or, 60z/100 = 9
Or, z =15
Now, the ratio of Pervez: Sunny: Ashu = 20: 16: 15 = 51
But ATQ, it is 1530
When 51 is multiplied with 30, we get 1530
So, Sunny's salary = 16* 30 = 480.
10) The ratio of income of Pervez, Sunny, and Ashu is 3: 7: 4 and the ratio of their expenditure is 4: 3: 5 respectively. If Pervez saves Rs 300 out of 2400, find the savings of Ashu.
570
560
565
575
Answer: D
Explanation:
ATQ, income ratio of Pervez: Sunny: Ashu = 3: 7: 4
Let the income of Pervez: Sunny: Ashu = 3x, 7x, 4x
The income of Pervez = 3x = 2400 (given in the question)
That means x = 2400/3 = 800
Now, the income of Sunny = 7x = 7*800 = 5600
Similarly the income of Ashu = 4x = 4*800 = 3200
Now,
Their expenditure is in the ratio of 4: 3: 5
So, let their expenditure is 4y, 3y, 5y
The expenditure of Pervez = income of Pervez - saving of Pervez
Or, expenditure of Pervez = 4y = 2400-300 = 2100
Or, y = 2100/4 = 525 Here 4y comes from expenditure's ratio
Similarly, the expenditure of Sunny = 3y = 3* 525 = 1575
The expenditure of Ashu = 5y = 5*525 = 2625
Saving's of Ashu = Income of Ashu - Expenditure of Ashu
Saving's of Ashu = 3200- 2625 = 575
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