Array of sets in C++An array is defined as the collection of data items stored in a contiguous manner. An array stores different variables of the same type. It becomes easier to access the variables as they are stored at continuous locations. For example This is an array that contains six elements. Let's say the array name is arr[]. Now, if we want to access the elements, they can access the indices 0 to n-1. Here, n is the size of the array. Arr[0] = 10 Arr[1] = 20 Arr[2] = 30 Arr[3] = 40 Arr[4] = 50 Arr[5] = 60 SetsA set is an associative container in which the elements are unique. Unlike an array, the value entered in a set cannot be modified after adding it. However, if we want to update the value in the set, we can remove it first and then enter the modified value. Syntax Example set<int> s ----- A set of integer values set<char> c ---- A set of character values Array of setsWhen we say an array of sets, it is a two-dimensional array with a fixed number of rows. Each row can have variable lengths. In an array of sets, each array index stores a set. The set is accessible via iterators. \ Syntax Example set<int> s[3] ----> A array of set of int type with size 3 Insertion operation in the array of setsInsertion will happen with the insert() function as each row is a set here. So, we insert using an array of sets using - set_variable[row_number].insert(element) Example s[0].insert(10) ----> Inserts 10 in row 1 s[1].insert(20) ----> Inserts 20 in row 2 Code Output Row 1 = Elements at index 0: 10 20 30 40 Row 2 = Elements at index 1: 50 60 70 80 Row 3 = Elements at index 2: 90 100 110 120 Deletion operation in an array of setsWhen we say deletion of an element here, we are removing the element from the set. The function to remove an element from the set is erase(). Code In this example, we have removed one element from set 3 and one element from set 2. Remember, the set index is i-1 as the array index starts at 0. Output Before removal elements are: Elements at index 0: 10 20 30 40 Elements at index 1: 50 60 70 80 Elements at index 2: 90 100 110 120 After removal elements are: Elements at index 0: 10 20 30 40 Elements at index 1: 60 70 80 Elements at index 2: 90 110 120 Traversal operation in an array of setsWhen we traverse an array of sets, we iterate through each set and print all the elements in that set. Iterators are used to traverse the set elements. Code In the below example, we create an array of sets having two rows. Row one has three elements in the set, and row 2 has two elements in the set. To traverse an array of sets, we run an outer loop for the rows. In the inner loop, we use iterators to print each set. Output Elements at index 0: 10 15 35 Elements at index 1: 20 30 Next TopicSmart pointers in C++ |
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