Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense describes an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future. In this tense, 'have' is used after 'shall/will' followed by the third form (V3) of the verb. The structure of the sentence is

Subject + shall/will + have + V3 (III form of verb) +other words

Examples:

• I shall have completed my homework by 8 p.m.
• We shall have gone to the cricket tournament next week.
• You will have cleaned the room before john arrives.
• They will have finished this work by the end of the month.
• He/she will have made all the arrangements before the function starts.
• By the time we reach the hospital, the doctor will have prepared his report.
• Madan will have saved quite a lot by the time his daughter becomes marriageable.

Future perfect tense in all kinds of sentences

1. Affirmative sentence: In the affirmative sentence of the future perfect tense, 'have' is used, followed by the third form (V3) of the verb. The structure of the sentence is:

Subject + shall/will + have + V3 (III form of verb) + other words

Examples:

• I shall have baked the cake.
• We shall have baked the cake.
• You will have baked the cake.
• He/she will have baked the cake.
• They will have baked the cake.
• John will have baked the cake.
• Girls will have baked the cake.
• I will have completed this work before you do.

2. Negative sentence: In the negative sentence of the future perfect tense, 'not' is used after 'shall/will' followed by 'have' and the third form (V3) of the verb. The structure of the sentence is:

Subject + shall/will + not + have + V3 + other words

Examples:

• I shall not have baked the cake.
• We shall not have baked the cake.
• You will not have baked the cake.
• He/she will not have baked the cake.
• They will not have baked the cake.
• John will not have baked the cake.
• Girls will not have baked the cake.
• I will not have completed this work before you do.

3. Interrogative sentence: In the interrogative sentence of the future perfect tense, 'shall/will' is used before the subject, and 'have' is used after the subject, followed by the third form (V3) of the verb. The structure of the sentence is:

Shall/will + subject + have + V3 + other words

Examples:

• Shall I have baked the cake?
• Shall we have baked the cake?
• Will you have baked the cake?
• Will he/she have baked the cake?
• Will they have baked the cake?
• Will john have baked the cake?
• Will the girls have baked the cake?
• Shall I have completed this work before you do it?

4. Negative interrogative sentences: In the negative interrogative sentence of the future perfect tense, 'not' is used after the subject, followed by 'have' and third form (V3) of the verb. The structure of the sentence is:

Shall/will + subject + not + have + V3 + other words

Examples:

• Shall I not have baked the cake?
• Shall we not have baked the cake?
• Will you not have baked the cake?
• Will he/she not have baked the cake?
• Will they not have baked the cake?
• Will john not have baked the cake?
• Will girls not have baked the cake?
• Shall I not have completed this work before you do?

Uses of the future perfect tense

• It is used to describe an action that is completed by a certain time in the future.
  Examples: By the end of this year, he will have completed his project. I shall have written my story by then.
• It is also used to describe the speaker's belief that something has taken place.
  Examples: They will have heard about the sacrifice of Bhagat Singh. He will have helped the poor people on rainy days.

Some important points of the future perfect tense

• In future perfect tense, 'have' is used with the third form of the verb like shall have eaten, will have played, etc.
• Some words like by, by then, by that time, before, etc., are used to show the time.
  Examples: We will have completed the project by 6 p.m. Rohan will have completed his homework before his friend arrives.