MongoDB vs PostgreSQL

MongoDB and PostgreSQL are the two most standard databases that are used for the enterprise application. Even though both the databases are open-source, and they have several differences.

In this section, we are going to discuss the differences between MongoDB and PostgreSQL database system based on various aspects.

What is MongoDB?

It is a document-oriented, cross-platform, open-source database and written in C++ programming language. It is used to deliver a high volume of data storage, rich query language, high performance, and high availability.

The primary objective of using this database is that it is easy to use and to understand big-data support, fast development features, and flexible deployment. MongoDB is established and maintained by a 10gen company, which is known as MongoDB Inc. The developers can easily understand and use it, and the data is stored in a JSON-like format.

It is developed to work on the collection and document concepts. It is a cross platform, which means that it supports various Operating Systems such as Linux, Windows, MacOS, etc. with different programming languages like Java, Node.js, C, PHP, C++, Python, and Ruby.

What is PostgreSQL?

PostgreSQL is the most popular Object-Relational Database Management System used to manage the relational database and securely store it. It is an open-source database software and written in C programming language.

PostgreSQL follows the transaction along with the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability) properties. It supports various operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, UNIX, Mac OS X, LINUX, and so on.

It is the initial database that provides the multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) feature.

Let us see some of the essential differences between MongoDB and PostgreSQL, which will help us to enhance our knowledge:

Different aspects	MongoDB	PostgreSQL
Definition	It is a non- relational database management system and open -source application.	It is an object-relational database management system.
Programmed or Written in	It has been primarily written in C++, C, and JavaScript programming languages.	It has been primarily written in C language.
Developed	MongoDB Inc. develops it.	The PostgreSQL global development group develops it.
Released	MongoDB was released on 11 February 2009.	PostgreSQL was released on 8th July 1996.
Orientation	MongoDB is document-oriented.	PostgreSQL is object-oriented.
Syntax	The syntax of MongoDB is different as compared to other relational databases.	The syntax of PostgreSQL is like other relational databases.
Features	Following are the features of MongoDB: It is compatible with Master-Slave Replication. It supports rich query language. It is compatible with the JSON-like data model. It supports ad hoc queries. It uses JavaScript instead of stored procedures. It does not have any schema	Following are the features of PostgreSQL: It is free to download. It supports various programming languages. It is highly Reliable It is compatible with Data Integrity. Compatible on several operating systems It supports multiple features of SQL It is highly extensible.
Multi-lingual	It is only available in the English language.	It is available in several (27) languages.
Latest release version	The latest release version is MongoDB 4.2 [February 2020]	The latest release version is PostgreSQL 12.3 [May 2020]
Platforms	It supports various platforms as compared to PostgreSQL.	Primarily it supports Unix-like and Windows platforms only.
Security	If most of your services are cloud based, MongoDB is the best suited for you.	It provides a robust access control system and supports Column and row-level security.
JOIN	MongoDB doesn't support JOIN.	PostgreSQL support JOINS.
Official website	https://www.mongodb.com/	https://www.postgresql.org/