MS Excel DefinitionMS Excel, also known as Microsoft Excel, is a widely used software in most companies or businesses worldwide. It provides various tools, functions, and features to make this software profitable for global companies in various fields. Therefore, to learn and properly organize data using Excel, we must know the definition and basics of this powerful software. This article discusses the definition of MS Excel and its basics to help us become familiar with this powerful software. Definition of MS ExcelBy definition, "Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program created by Microsoft that uses tables to record and analyze numerical and statistical data with formulas and functions". In simple words, MS Excel is a powerful spreadsheet program included with Microsoft Office and is mainly used to record data in tables. It consists of several rows and columns, which can be used to enter data. The program is considered helpful for various tasks, such as calculating weekly expenses, making payslips, accounting, and interactively sorting/filtering data by various criteria. MS Excel History and ReleasesMS Excel is one of the oldest spreadsheet software programs and has run through several upgrades and fixes. This powerful spreadsheet program was initially released in 1985 for Macintosh-based systems. Later, it was released for other popular platforms, including Windows. The following table displays the list of all the versions of Excel released so far for Macintosh:
The following table displays the list of all the versions of Excel released so far for Windows:
It is important to note that excel version 4.0 was included as part of Microsoft Office Suite in Office version 3.0. Since then, Excel was continually upgraded with the Office suite. Features of MS ExcelIn starting days, Excel played a crucial role in performing various financial operations for the enterprises, including bookkeeping and record-maintaining. However, it has received several updates over time, which typically helped in making excel a must-have software for business processes. The latest version of Excel comes with a wide range of features. Some of the essential features of Microsoft Excel include the followings: Header and Footer: Like Word documents, we can also use a header/ footer in our excel documents. It is located on the top and the bottom of each page of a spreadsheet document. Find and Replace: MS Excel allows us to find the desired data, such as text or numbers, using the Find feature in the worksheet. Besides, we can also replace the existing data with custom updated data. Password Protection: By using the password, we can protect our excel workbook from unauthorized access. This feature ultimately helps us to keep our data secured. Data Filtering: Data filtering is a faster way to find and continue work with a subset of data in a selected range. The data filtering feature is handy and comes with AutoFilter and Advanced Filter options. Data Sorting: Using the data sorting feature, we can arrange the data of excel worksheets in some logical orders. Excel typically allows us to sort data in various ways, including the ascending or descending order. Inbuilt Formulae: MS Excel contains a wide range of formulae that we can use for performing easy to complex calculations. Some basic formulae include the sum, subtract, multiply, divide, average, minimum, etc. Real-time Data Update: In excel, we apply different functions to calculate values and get the desired results. If we replace some existing values with the new ones, Excel automatically updates the results in the corresponding cells. Insertion of Charts: One of the prominent features of Excel is the availability of various charts, such as pie charts, bar graph charts, line charts, and more. These charts can sometimes make a huge difference in the analysis and comparison of data. In addition to standard spreadsheet features, Excel also provides programming support through Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), the ability to access data from external sources via Microsoft's Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE). Uses of MS ExcelMS Excel is widely used to organize data and perform easy to complex calculations for getting outputs for financial analysis. It is preferred in almost all business sectors and at companies from small to large scale. Despite this, it is also used for managing expenses and other data-based things for home requirements. It is not wrong to say that the uses of MS Excel are almost infinite. Different people use this powerful software as per their needs. Some of the essential uses of MS Excel are listed below:
In particular, Excel is a requirement for any data that needs to be organized. The Excel InterfaceThe interface of excel is simple and can be understood easily. This is important to understand the primary interface to start working on it. The following image displays all the major sections of Excel, including the formula bar, row, column, cell, worksheet tab, etc. Let us briefly discuss all the terms displayed in the above image:
Basics of MS ExcelWe must know the basics of MS Excel to start working on it. The following are some basic things to learn: Opening an MS ExcelOpening MS Excel is the first thing that we must know to work on it. There can be different ways to open an MS Excel, such as:
It is important to note that MS Excel must be installed on the machine, and then only we will be able to open it. If we don't find the program using the above steps, it means the system has no Office suite. Opening a SpreadsheetAfter we have opened the MS Excel, it will ask us to proceed further. More specifically, it displays several tiles from which we can choose the desired one and start working on it. If we want to start working from scratch, we can select the tile 'Blank Workbook' and launch a black spreadsheet. Besides, if we have an existing excel file and want to work on it, we can click on 'Open Other Workbooks' from the lower left-side corner. After that, we can locate the file using the file explorer and double-click on it. The existing file will be opened instantly. Working with the RibbonThe ribbon is referred to as the central control panel for Excel. This powerful tool is located on the top of the window after we open excel. We can do almost everything in excel from the ribbon. A ribbon contains several tabs, such as Home, Insert, Page Layout, and more, and each tab consists of the number of buttons to process different commands in excel. The best thing about these buttons is that if we place a mouse cursor on any button, it tells us what task it will do. Apart from this, excel allows us to customize the ribbon as per our choice. We can hide/ unhide and insert new commands accordingly. Managing the WorksheetsAnother excellent feature of Excel is that the Excel workbooks can have multiple worksheets. We can manage different worksheets of the workbook directly from the bottom of the window. In a default 'blank workbook', we can see a single sheet with the name 'Sheet1'. To insert more worksheets, we can use a plus (+) sign, which is given next to the sheet name. Furthermore, we can right-click on its name to display the number of other options related to sheets. We can click on these options to manage the worksheets accordingly. Entering the DataEntering the data in Excel is one of the basic steps. While it is the initial step that we need to perform in Excel to start working with data, it is quite easy and almost effortless. To enter the data, we can select the specific cell and start pressing the button from the keyboard accordingly. Despite this, we can also copy, cut, and paste data in Excel from other programs. In addition to this, we can also import the data from other files. Excel allows us to use text, numbers, symbols, and other characters required for data entry. Performing CalculationsIt is another great feature of Excel that we can perform various calculations on our data. Performing basic calculations in Excel is so easy. We can use mathematical signs between the data, and the results will be provided automatically. For example, if we input =4+5 in any of the cells and press the Enter button, the cell will display the value 9, which is the sum of 4 and 5. Besides, if we select a particular cell, the original formula (whatever we have given in that cell) is displayed on the formula bar. In another way, we can also use the cell references and insert the mathematical operations between them. This will also derive the corresponding result. For example, suppose we enter 4 in cell A1 and 5 in cell B1. Next, we enter =A1+B1 in cell C1. By doing this, cell C1 displays the sum of values given in cells A1 and B1. Similarly, we can perform other arithmetic calculations in Excel. Using FunctionsGetting results using the excel functions is one of the essential tasks, and it can reduce the time of the working process to some extent. In particular, most functions/ formulas take sets of numbers as inputs and provide the corresponding results. Let us discuss this with a simple example: Suppose we enter 4 in cell A1 and 5 in cell B1. Next, we enter =SUM(A1,B2) in cell C1. By doing this, cell C1 displays the sum of values given in cells A1 and B1. Excel has a wide range of valuable functions. To view different functions, we can navigate to the 'Formulas' tab and select the specific category from there. Excel displays all the supported functions of that particular category. Once we get familiar with functions, we can enter equal sign (=) within the cell and write starting any function into it. Then, Excel automatically displays the corresponding functions and their syntax. We can select the function and proceed further as per the syntax. Saving our WorkOnce we have done our work, we must save it to a file. If we close the Excel without saving it, we will lose our work. The easiest way to save an excel file to a computer is to press a keyboard shortcut 'Ctrl +S'. Once we press this shortcut, excel will ask us to choose a file name and the location to save it. We can also click on the 'Save' button located on the 'Quick Access Toolbar'. This button also helps us to save the temporary data to an existing file. Important Points to RememberThere are many crucial things that we must know before we start working on excel. Some of the most important things to remember are listed below:
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