What is the full form of MTP

MTP: Medical Termination Of Pregnancy

MTP Stands For Medical Termination Of Pregnancy. It is done to end an unplanned pregnancy. MTP can be chosen by women who unintentionally became pregnant, want to complete an early miscarriage or have health issues that make carrying a pregnancy to term dangerous. Suppose a woman has no problems, and her gynaecologist has given the go-ahead. In that case, she can also choose MTP if she is in the early stages of her pregnancy and does not desire to undergo surgery or anaesthesia. Although abortion is a personal decision, India's government has also passed laws regulating it. The "Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971" should occasionally be considered.

Who Should Avoid Choosing The MTP?

Women who can connect to one of the following situations should not consider undergoing a medical abortion:

• A medical abortion should not be obtained if the pregnancy is more than nine weeks.
• Use of an intrauterine device (IUD).
• Possess specific medical disorders that prevent them from getting an abortion using medical means.
• If they suffer from bleeding issues.
• Cardiovascular or blood vessel issues.
• A disease of uncontrollable seizures.
• Anaemia or an ovarian mass.
• Sensitivity to the drugs involved.

What Is A Miscarriage?

An undesirable pregnancy can be ended by abortion, and Miscarriage is the term used to describe an abortion that occurs naturally. Most abortions are carried out surgically, such as by vacuum suction or via the use of medicines or prescription, treatments termed Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP). Compared to previous procedures, such as solid massage, sharp objects, or natural therapies, current methods of abortion are much safe, less painful, and have a meagre fatality rate. When a woman or her family is in financial difficulty, a woman has been sexually assaulted, or there is a danger to the woman's health or life, several nations or regions still prohibit abortion. Each woman must decide whether to get an abortion since it is her body, and both physical and mental health is improved by abortion.

Pregnancy Termination By Medicine (MTP):

• A method of abortion known as medical termination of pregnancy (MTP), also referred to as abortion pills, involves using and ingesting one or more medications.
• From 1970 to 1980, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) procedure was introduced. Mifepristone and Misoprostol are the drugs used in medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).
• When the first medication, Mifepristone, is administered to the patient, the hormone Progesterone, produced in a woman's body during pregnancy and helps in the pregnancy's growth, is inhibited to stop the development of the pregnancy in the woman's body.
• The second medication, Misoprostol, is given to the patient immediately following the first medication, Mifepristone, or in around 48 hours, depending on the doctor's prescription.
• Like an early miscarriage, the second Misoprostol tablet induces discomfort and bleeding to empty the uterus. Some antibiotics are provided, too, to aid the patient with health difficulties. If the doctor recommends it, the medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) can be performed at home with minimal discomfort and without a hospital stay.

Whether Medical Abortion Is Effective In Ending Pregnancies (MTP):

Depending on how long the patient has been pregnant, medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) may not be as effective. The effectiveness of abortion pills, for example, ranges from 96% to 98% if a patient has been pregnant for eight weeks or less. The chances are low (80%) if the patient has been pregnant for at least 10 to 11 weeks, although the abortion pill can still work if taken in higher doses. The surgical method of abortion is more successful than the medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).

Surgical Abortion Procedure:

It is sometimes called an "in-clinic abortion" when performed surgically. Any stage of a pregnancy can be used for the surgical method of abortion. There are two techniques to complete the surgical process of abortion: vacuum aspiration and suction aspiration. After 11 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus is evacuated using a vacuum device during a dilation and evacuation procedure (D&E). The uterus is diluted and empty, as the term implies. To determine whether there is no longer any pregnant tissue in the uterus, an ultrasound is required. Patients strongly favour vacuum aspiration. Because The Surgical Method of Abortion is performed surgically or in a hospital, its success is 100%.

Recovery and Post-Treatment:

Compared to surgical abortion, medical termination of pregnancy takes a long time. The amount of time needed for a patient's recovery varies from person to person and is dependent on the stage of pregnancy. Depending on how many weeks are left in the pregnancy, the patient may experience internal bleeding for a week.

As a side effect of a pregnancy that has been medically terminated, you may have severe back or stomach discomfort, cramping, fever, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Sometimes it takes longer than a month to return to daily activity. Additionally, you should see a doctor to ensure your recovery is proceeding normally and confirm that the pregnancy has been aborted.

Benefits & Advantages Of MTP:

• For extremely early pregnancies, medical abortion is an efficient and secure procedure.
• Except in failure cases, it avoids the need for anaesthesia, surgery, or vacuum aspiration.
• It is carried out with more confidentiality and privacy.
• The treatment is painless.

Side-effects Or Drawbacks Of MTP:

• When it comes to medical abortion, excessive bleeding happens.
• There are also common symptoms of nausea, vomiting, fever, and chills.
• Inflammatory and infection in the pelvic area.
• In most cases, blood clots in the uterus are also noted.
• The extra surgical operation is required to end the pregnancy permanently in 8%-10% of cases.
• The cervix may also be ripped or sliced in some situations.
• Compared to surgical abortion, the failure rate is greater.

Conclusion:

One or two drugs are used to carry out Medical Termination of Abortion (MTP). Only in the early stages of pregnancy, between 10 and 11 weeks, is the Medication Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) successful. Abortion is a technique or process used to end an undesired pregnancy. Compared to previous procedures, such as the use of solid massage, sharp objects, or natural medicines, current methods of abortion are far safe, less painful, and have a meagre fatality rate. A form of abortion called medical termination of pregnancy (MTP), commonly referred to as the abortion pill, involves using and consuming one or more medicines.