Difference between C++ and JavaScript

In this article, we will discuss the difference between C++ and JavaScript. But before discussing the differences, we must know about C++ and JavaScript with their advantages and disadvantages.

Introduction:

C++:

C++, or CPP, is a general-purpose, statically typed, object-oriented programming language. At the Bell Laboratories of AT&T (American Telephone & Telegraph), Bjarne Stroustrup created C++ in 1980 as an addition to the C language. Since then, this language has grown into one of the most well-known and widely-used languages in the entire world. Except for the web, C++ is built for just about everything. It is mostly used for embedded programming and game creation. C++ programming language is used in several organizations, including Evernote, LinkedIn, Microsoft, Opera, NASA, Facebook, and others.

Example:

Let's take a simple program to print Hello World in C++:

Code:

Output:

Hello World!

Advantages:

There are various advantages of C++. Some main advantages of C++ are as follows:

1. With the help of sophisticated C++ features like polymorphism and data encapsulation, programmers may write well-structured, effective code that is easier to reuse and maintain.
2. The compatibility of C++ with C programs allows for the smooth integration of C codebases into C++ projects, maximizing the benefits of both languages.
3. No matter the underlying operating system or hardware, C++ code may be easily migrated across several platforms to guarantee that software written in C++ stays consistent and usable.
4. C++ is intended to be relatively easier to learn despite its low-level capabilities, making it accessible to both rookie and expert programmers looking to take advantage of its powerful features.
5. The flexibility of unions and structures in C++ enables programmers to design intricate data structures that effectively manage and arrange several data kinds into a single entity.
6. Fine-grained control over memory management is available to programmers in C++, enabling effective use of system resources and reducing memory leaks, resulting in more dependable and stable applications.
7. With one of the biggest and busiest programming communities, C++ offers a wealth of tools, documentation, and community support for programmers looking for help or eager to work on projects together.
8. C++'s scalability shines through because it enables programmers to design projects of all sizes, from simple applications to large-scale systems, while preserving performance and control over system resources.

Disadvantages:

There are various disadvantages of C++. Some main disadvantages of C++ are as follows:

1. Due to the comprehensive control over memory management that C++ offers, programming errors like dangling pointers or memory overflows could accidentally result, leading to software crashes or unpredictable behaviour.
2. Memory leakage problems might affect C++, in which a program improperly releases memory, gradually deplete system resources, and may eventually lead to performance degradation.
3. As C++ lacks an automatic garbage memory collector, unlike some other programming languages, developers must carefully manage memory allocation and deallocation, which can be challenging and error-prone, raising the possibility of memory-related errors.
4. The lack of built-in thread management capabilities in C++ makes concurrent programming more difficult. Programmers may rely on additional libraries or platform-specific APIs to create and manage multithreading, which may cause synchronization problems and challenging race situations.
5. Due to the difficulties in integrating and running C++ code within browser-based applications, debugging C++ programs in online contexts can be difficult. The debugging procedure may become more difficult and time-consuming due to a lack of debugging tools and the requirement for specialized setups.

JavaScript:

JavaScript (or JS) is a high-level dynamically typed programming language. JavaScript was initially developed for the web to "make the web pages alive". It first appeared in 1995 due to Netscape. It is an interpreter, high-level scripting language. By a wide range, the majority of websites employ JavaScript; according to an analysis from last year, 95% of websites do. The majority of online browsers have built-in engines to handle it because it is so widely used. Microsoft, Paypal, Netflix, Groupon, Uber, Facebook, Google, and other businesses use JavaScript.

Example:

Let's take a simple program to print Hello World in JavaScript:

Output:

Hello World!

Advantages:

There are various advantages of JavaScript. Some main advantages of JavaScript are as follows:

1. Due to its direct execution within web browsers, JavaScript offers remarkable speed, enabling rapid and responsive user experiences on websites and web applications.
2. JIT (just-in-time) compilation enables efficient and optimized code execution for improved performance because JavaScript may be run directly by the browser's JavaScript engine.
3. JavaScript is recognized for having a low barrier to entry, making it the perfect language for new programmers to learn and quickly produce dynamic web content.
4. The numerous tutorials, support forums, and other resources for JavaScript are supported by a sizable and active developer community, ensuring that help is easily accessible to programmers of all skill levels.
5. Because JavaScript is compatible with HTML and CSS, developers can easily incorporate dynamic behaviour and interactive elements into web pages, creating user interfaces that are interesting and packed with features.
6. JavaScript, which is renowned for its adaptability, may be used not just for web development but also for desktop apps, mobile app development, server-side scripting (Node.js), and even mobile app development.
7. Developers can expedite their processes and quickly implement complicated features using JavaScript's vast ecosystem of libraries and frameworks, which support a wide range of functionalities.

Disadvantages:

There are various disadvantages of JavaScript. Some main disadvantages of JavaScript are as follows:

1. JavaScript execution within web browsers exposes code to potential vulnerabilities, leaving applications vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks and other security breaches. As a result, JavaScript can provide client-side security difficulties.
2. JavaScript code is visible to everyone who visits a website, which has the disadvantage of perhaps disclosing delicate logic or algorithms and putting confidential and proprietary information at risk.
3. An insignificant JavaScript coding error can have far-reaching consequences, possibly resulting in the malfunction or total failure of an entire website, disrupting user experience and harming a company's online presence.
4. Debugging JavaScript can be difficult and time-consuming because of the complexities of the browser's rendering engine, interactions between different scripts, and large-scale applications.
5. JavaScript performance bottlenecks can develop due to the frequent requirement to convert numbers to integers, which can slow down script execution and decrease the pace of the entire program, especially for computationally demanding operations.

Head-to-head comparison between C++ and JavaScript

Here, we will discuss the head-to-head comparisons between C++ and JavaScript. The main differences between C++ and JavaScript are as follows: