Java String getBytes()

The Java String class getBytes() method does the encoding of string into the sequence of bytes and keeps it in an array of bytes.

Signature

There are three variants of getBytes() method. The signature or syntax of string getBytes() method is given below:

public byte[] getBytes()
public byte[] getBytes(Charset charset)
public byte[] getBytes(String charsetName)throws UnsupportedEncodingException

Parameters

charset / charsetName - The name of a charset the method supports.

Returns

Sequence of bytes.

Exception Throws

UnsupportedEncodingException: It is thrown when the mentioned charset is not supported by the method.

Internal implementation

public byte[] getBytes() {  
        return StringCoding.encode(value, 0, value.length);  
    }  

String class getBytes() Method Example

The parameterless getBytes() method encodes the string using the default charset of the platform, which is UTF - 8. The following two examples show the same.

FileName: StringGetBytesExample.java

public class StringGetBytesExample{
public static void main(String args[]){
String s1="ABCDEFG";
byte[] barr=s1.getBytes();
for(int i=0;i<barr.length;i++){
System.out.println(barr[i]);
}
}}

Test it Now

Output:

Java String class getBytes() Method Example 2

FileName: StringGetBytesExample2.java

The method returns a byte array that again can be passed to the String constructor to get String.

public class StringGetBytesExample2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String s1 = "ABCDEFG";
		byte[] barr = s1.getBytes();
		for(int i=0;i<barr.length;i++){
			System.out.println(barr[i]);
		}
		// Getting string back 
		String s2 = new String(barr);
		System.out.println(s2);
	}
}

Test it Now

Output:

65
66
67
68
69
70
71
ABCDEFG

Java String class getBytes() Method Example 3

The following example shows the encoding into a different charset.

FileName: StringGetBytesExample3.java

// Import statement
import java.io.*;

public class StringGetBytesExample3 
{
// main method
public static void main(String argvs[])
{
// input string
String str = "Welcome to JavaTpoint.";
System.out.println("The input String is : ");
System.out.println(str + "\n");

// inside try block encoding is 
// being done using different charsets
try
{
16 - bit UCS Transformation format
byte[] byteArr = str.getBytes("UTF-16");
System.out.println("After converted into UTF-16 the String is : ");

for (int j = 0; j < byteArr.length; j++) 
{
System.out.print(byteArr[j]);
}

System.out.println("\n");

// Big Endian byte order, 16 - bit UCS Transformation format
byte[] byteArr1 = str.getBytes("UTF-16BE");
System.out.println("After converted into UTF-16BE the String is : ");

for (int j = 0; j < byteArr1.length; j++) 
{
System.out.print(byteArr1[j]);
}

System.out.println("\n");

// ISO Latin Alphabet
byte[] byteArr2 = str.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");
System.out.println("After converted into ISO-8859-1 the String is : ");

for (int j = 0; j < byteArr2.length; j++) 
{
System.out.print(byteArr2[j]);
}

System.out.println("\n");

// Little Endian byte order, 16 - bit UCS Transformation format
byte[] byteArr3 = str.getBytes("UTF-16LE");
System.out.println("After converted into UTF-16LE the String is : ");

for (int j = 0; j < byteArr3.length; j++) 
{
System.out.print(byteArr3[j]);
}

}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException g) 
{
System.out.println("Unsupported character set" + g);
}


}
}

Output:

The input String is : 
Welcome to JavaTpoint.

After converted into UTF-16 the String is : 
-2-10870101010809901110109010103201160111032074097011809708401120111010501100116046

After converted into UTF-16BE the String is : 
0870101010809901110109010103201160111032074097011809708401120111010501100116046

After converted into ISO-8859-1 the String is : 
871011089911110910132116111327497118978411211110511011646

After converted into UTF-16LE the String is : 
8701010108099011101090101032011601110320740970118097084011201110105011001160460

Java String class getBytes() Method Example 4

The following example shows when the charset is not supported by the getBytes() method, UnsupportedEncodingException is thrown.

FileName: StringGetBytesExample4.java

public class StringGetBytesExample4
{
// main method
public static void main(String argvs[])
{
// input string
String str = "Welcome to JavaTpoint.";
System.out.println("The input String is : ");
System.out.println(str + "\n");

// encoding into UTF - 17
byte[] byteArr = str.getBytes("UTF-17");
System.out.println("After converted into UTF-17 the String is : ");

for (int j = 0; j < byteArr.length; j++) 
{
System.out.print(byteArr[j]);
}


}
}

Output:

/StringGetBytesExample4.java:11: error: unreported exception UnsupportedEncodingException; must be caught or declared to be thrown
byte[] byteArr = str.getBytes("UTF-17");
                             ^
1 error

Next TopicJava String getChars()

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