Compound Assignment Operator in Java

In Java, assignment operator is used to assign values to a variable. In this section, we will discuss the compound assignment operators in Java.

Compound Assignment Operator

The compound assignment operator is the combination of more than one operator. It includes an assignment operator and arithmetic operator or bitwise operator. The specified operation is performed between the right operand and the left operand and the resultant assigned to the left operand. Generally, these operators are used to assign results in shorter syntax forms. In short, the compound assignment operator can be used in place of an assignment operator.

For example:

int x = 11, y = 22, z = -9; 
//simple assignment operator
x = x * y; 
y = y * z; 

Let's write the above statements using the compound assignment operator.

//compound assignment operator
x *= y; 
y *= z; 

Using both assignment operators generates the same result.

Java supports the following assignment operators:

Catagories	Operator	Description	Example	Equivalent Expression
Compound Arithmetic Operators	+=	It assigns the result of the addition.	count += 1	count = count + 1
	-=	It assigns the result of the subtraction.	count -= 2	count = count - 2
	*=	It assigns the result of the multiplication.	price *= quantity	price = price * quantity
	/=	It assigns the result of the division.	average /= number_of_terms	average = number_of_terms
	%=	It assigns the result of the remainder of the division.	s %= 1000	s = s % 1000
Compound Bitwise Operators	<<=	It assigns the result of the signed left bit shift.	res <<= num	res = res << num
	>>=	It assigns the result of the signed right bit shift.	y >>= 1	y = y >> 1
	&=	It assigns the result of the logical AND.	x &= 2	x = x & 2
	^=	It assigns the result of the logical XOR.	a ^= b	a = a ^ b
	\|=	It assigns the result of the logical OR.	flag \|= true	flag = flag \| true
	>>>=	It assigns the result of the unsigned right bit shift.	p >>>= 4	p = p >>> 4

Using Compound Assignment Operator in a Java Program

CompoundAssignmentOperator.java

public class CompoundAssignmentOperator
{
public static void main(String args[]) 
{
int x = 25;
int y = 13;
int z = 0;
z = x + y;
System.out.println("z = x + y = " + z );
z += x ;
System.out.println("z += x  = " + z );
z -= x ;
System.out.println("z -= x = " + z );
z *= x ;
System.out.println("z *= x = " + z );
x = 34;
z = 17;
z /= x ;
System.out.println("z /= x = " + z );
x = 12;
z = 17;
z %= x ;
System.out.println("z %= x  = " + z );
z <<= 1 ;
System.out.println("z <<= 2 = " + z );
z >>= 1 ;
System.out.println("z >>= 2 = " + z );
z >>= 1 ;
System.out.println("z >>= 2 = " + z );
z &= x ;
System.out.println("z &= x  = " + z );
z ^= x ;
System.out.println("z ^= x  = " + z );
z |= x ;
System.out.println("z |= x  = " + z );
short s = 300;
s >>>= 4;
System.out.println("s>>>= 4 = "+s);
}
}

Output:

z = x + y = 38
z += x  = 63
z -= x = 38
z *= x = 950
z /= x = 0
z %= x  = 5
z <<= 2 = 10
z >>= 2 = 5
z >>= 2 = 2
z &= x  = 0
z ^= x  = 12
z |= x  = 12
s>>>= 4 = 18

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