Java Program to find the product of two matrices

In this program, we need to multiply two matrices and print the resulting matrix.

Product of two matrices

The product of two matrices can be computed by multiplying elements of the first row of the first matrix with the first column of the second matrix then, add all the product of elements. Continue this process until each row of the first matrix is multiplied with each column of the second matrix.

Consider above example, first element in resulting matrix prod[0,0] can be computed by multiplying first row of first matrix i.e. (1, 3, 2) with first column of second matrix i.e. (2, 1, 1) and finally sum all the product of elements i.e. (1*2) + (3*1) + (2*1) = 7. Similarly, second entry prod[0,1] can be computed by multiplying the first row of the first matrix with the second column of the second matrix and sum all the product.

Two matrices can be multiplied if and only if they satisfy the following condition:

• The number of columns present in the first matrix should be equal to the number of rows present in the second matrix.

Suppose dimension of matrix A is p � q and matrix B is q � r, then the dimension of resulting matrix will be p � r. Matrix multiplication can be represented as

Algorithm

• STEP 1: START
• STEP 2: DEFINE row1, col1, row2, col2
• STEP 3: INITIALIZE matrix a[][] ={{1,3,2},{3,1,1}, {1,2,2}}
• STEP 4: INITIALIZE matrix b[][] ={{2,1,1},{1,0,1}, {1,3,1}}
• STEP 5: row1 = a.length
• STEP 6: col1 = a[0].length
• STEP 7: row2 =b.length
• STEP 8: row2 = b[0].length
• STEP 9: if(col1!=row2)
          PRINT "Matrices cannot be multiplied"
          else
          Go to step 10;
• STEP 10: prod[][] = [row1][col2]
• STEP 11: REPEAT STEP 12 to STEP 14 UNTIL i<row1
          //for(i=0; i<row1; i++)
• STEP 12: REPEAT STEP 13 to STEP 14 UNTIL j<col2 // for(j=0; j<col2; j++)
          If(j>i) then PRINT 0 else PRINT a[i][j]
• STEP 13: REPEAT STEP 14 UNTIL k<row2 // for(k=0; k<row2; k++)
• STEP 14: prod[i][j] = prod[i][j] + a[i][k]*b[k][j]
• STEP 15: REPEAT STEP 16 to STEP 18 UNTIL i<row1
• STEP 16: REPEAT STEP 17 UNTIL j<col2
• STEP 17: PRINT prod[i][j]
• STEP 18: PRINT new line
• STEP 19: END

Program

Output:

Product of two matrices
7     7    6
8     6    5
6	7     5