Java Web Development

Web development is known as website development or web application development. The web development creates, maintains, and updates web development applications using a browser. This web development requires web designing, backend programming, and database management. The development process requires software technology.

Web development creates web applications using servers. We can use a web server or machine server like a CPU. The Web server or virtual server requires web application using technology. Web development requires server-side programming language or technology. Mostly Java, PHP, and other server-side languages require for web development.

Java web development creates a server-side website and web application. The majority of Java web apps do not execute on the server directly. A web container on the server hosts Java web applications.

For Java web applications, the container acts as a runtime environment. What the Java Virtual Machine is for locally running Java applications, the container is for Java web applications. JVM is used to run the container itself.

Java distinguishes between two types of containers: web and Java EE. Additional functionality, such as server load distribution, can be supported by a container. A web container supports Java servlets and JSP ( JavaServer Pages ). In Java technology, Tomcat is a common web container.

A web container is usually a minimal need for web frameworks. GWT, Struts, JavaServer Faces, and the Spring framework are common Java web frameworks. Servlets are at the heart of most modern Java web frameworks.

Functions of Java Web Development

Java web development creates applications and websites using static and dynamic resources. The static resource refers to HTML pages with images, and a dynamic resource refers to classes, jars, Servlet, and JSP. Java web development uses several packages, files, and online links. Java web development requires web archive files known as a WAR files.

Java web development works on three main factors. These development factors show below.

• Front-end web development using Java technology.
• Backend web development using Java server technology.
• Database management using Java database driver.

The above three factors create, update, remove, display and operate data or information.

Front-end web development: The front-end technology interacts with the user and Java interface. It helps to insert and submit data. Java web development uses JavaServer Pages or JSP for the front-end form or table.

Backend web development: The backend technology maintains and updates data of the database. Java uses Servlet, spring, and other advanced technology.

Database management handles or fetches data from the database using the Java database driver. The Java technology uses JDBC, Hibernate to handle the database.

Types of the Java Web Technologies

• Servlet API
• JSP (JavaServer page)
• JDBC Driver
• JAVA Persistence
• JavaServer Faces (JSF)
• JSTL
• JAVA Message Service API

Servlet API (JAVA Web application programming interface)

Servlet, filter, filter chain, servlet config, and other interfaces are available in the javax. Servlet package. The capabilities of servers that host apps are increased by using Servlet.

The request-response model is used in web development applications written with Java servlets. From initialization to garbage collection, a servlet has a life cycle.

Servlets are useful for various tasks, including collecting data via web page forms, presenting data from a database or any other third-party source, etc.

Servlets are Java programs that run on a web application and send client requests to databases or servers. After talking with the database, the servlets help process the client's request and provide results.

JSP (JavaServer Page Web application programming technology)

Developers employ JavaServer Pages or JSP technology to quickly produce platform- and server-independent online content. Normally, the developer works on separate Common Gateway Interface files to embed dynamic elements in HTML pages. Java JSP technology can be used, as it has access to the whole Java API family.

The JSP technology pieces code to control web information and moves dynamically. A JSP page comprises static data written in HTML, WML, XML, and other markup languages. Special JSP tags simplify Java code into HTML pages, making web development user-friendly.

The JSP technology allows embedding bits of servlet code in a text-based document. JSP is a popular Java EE technology that allows programmers to create complex dynamic web pages quickly.

JDBC Driver or Java Database Connectivity

JDBC Driver is a connector between database and Java web application. Java database connectivity helps to update and modify data using queries. The jdbc driver is an essential part of Java web development. This driver helps to send data to the database and retrieve data from the database.

Within a Java program, the JDBC driver allows to perform the following tasks:

• Make a data source connection
• To the data source, send queries and update statements
• Displays require data from a database.
• Organize application information.

JDBC is a set of methods and queries for accessing databases written in Java. Clients can use web applications using JDBC drivers to update any information in the database.

JDBC drivers connect to databases in four ways: JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver, Network Protocol Driver, Native Driver, and Thin Driver.

Persistence API for Java

For web development, the Java Persistence API employs object-relational mapping. This mapping connects a database to an object-oriented model. Java Persistence makes it simple to manage relational data in Java web applications. The Java Persistence API aids in database data management. This API sends data to a database and retrieves data from it regularly.

Large amounts of code, proprietary frameworks, and other files are not required. JPA gives a straightforward technique of database communication. A database is an object-relational approach for interacting with Java web development. JPA is a set of lightweight classes and methods for interacting with databases.

Technology of the JavaServer Faces

JavaServer Faces is called a JSF Technology. This technology provides a framework for developing web-based interfaces. JSF provides a simple model for components in various scripting or markup languages.

The data sources and server-side event handlers are coupled to the User Interface widgets. JSF aids in the creation and maintenance of web applications by minimizing the time and effort required.

• Construct Java web development pages.
• Drop components on a web page by adding component tags to a web page.
• Connect Java web development page components to server-side data.
• Connect component-generated events to application code running on the server.
• Extend the life of server requests by storing and restoring the application state.

Standard Tag Library for JavaServer Pages (JSTL)

The JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library or JSTL abstracts common functionality of JSP-based applications. We use a single standard set of tags to incorporate tags from various vendors into web applications. This standardization enables the establishment of Java applications on any JSP container. It supports JSTL and increases the tags to optimize during implementation.

JSTL includes iterator and conditional tags for controlling flow. These tags work for manipulating XML documents and tags for internationalization. This JSTL is also used for SQL database access and tags for frequently used functions.

API for Java Message Service

Messaging is a way for software components or apps to communicate with one another. A messaging system is a type of peer-to-peer network. In other words, a messaging client can communicate with and be communicated with by any other client.

Each client establishes a connection with a messaging agent, facilitating the creation, transmission, receipt, and reading of messages.

The Java Message Service (JMS) API provides a strong tool for resolving enterprise computing problems by integrating Java technology and enterprise messaging.

Enterprise messaging enables the secure and flexible sharing of business data. The JMS API extends this by providing a uniform API and provider framework that facilitates the building of portable message-based Java applications.

Special Features of the Java web development

• Java is a mature, versatile, and powerful programming language.
• Additionally, it is popular, which means that tools and assistance for Java web development are readily available.
• Java's platform freedom is one of its strongest characteristics. Java code can be executed on any platform, including a Mac or a Windows computer. On any operating system, we can run a Java web application.
• Java is also capable of running mobile applications on smartphones and tablets.
• Java web development does not require additional effort to design and run web apps across several platforms.
• Java also includes an enormous standard library. This library readily works with common tasks such as input and output, networking, and graphic user interfaces. It provides tools to help web application developers.

Conclusion

Java programming language is easy to handle and programmer's first choice for web development. Java web development has basic rules apart from operating data. This technology does not need an extra operation or advanced programming.

Java web development creates multiple web applications using a single type of code on multiple pages. If we know the working procedure, then JAVA technology develops any application.