Java JMenuBar, JMenu and JMenuItem

The JMenuBar class is used to display menubar on the window or frame. It may have several menus.

The object of JMenu class is a pull down menu component which is displayed from the menu bar. It inherits the JMenuItem class.

The object of JMenuItem class adds a simple labeled menu item. The items used in a menu must belong to the JMenuItem or any of its subclass.

JMenuBar class declaration

JMenu class declaration

JMenuItem class declaration

public class JMenuItem extends AbstractButton implements Accessible, MenuElement

Java JMenuItem and JMenu Example

import javax.swing.*;
class MenuExample
{
          JMenu menu, submenu;
          JMenuItem i1, i2, i3, i4, i5;
          MenuExample(){
          JFrame f= new JFrame("Menu and MenuItem Example");
          JMenuBar mb=new JMenuBar();
          menu=new JMenu("Menu");
          submenu=new JMenu("Sub Menu");
          i1=new JMenuItem("Item 1");
          i2=new JMenuItem("Item 2");
          i3=new JMenuItem("Item 3");
          i4=new JMenuItem("Item 4");
          i5=new JMenuItem("Item 5");
          menu.add(i1); menu.add(i2); menu.add(i3);
          submenu.add(i4); submenu.add(i5);
          menu.add(submenu);
          mb.add(menu);
          f.setJMenuBar(mb);
          f.setSize(400,400);
          f.setLayout(null);
          f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new MenuExample();
}}

Output:

Example of creating Edit menu for Notepad:

import javax.swing.*;  
import java.awt.event.*;  
public class MenuExample implements ActionListener{  
JFrame f;  
JMenuBar mb;  
JMenu file,edit,help;  
JMenuItem cut,copy,paste,selectAll;  
JTextArea ta;  
MenuExample(){  
f=new JFrame();  
cut=new JMenuItem("cut");  
copy=new JMenuItem("copy");  
paste=new JMenuItem("paste");  
selectAll=new JMenuItem("selectAll");  
cut.addActionListener(this);  
copy.addActionListener(this);  
paste.addActionListener(this);  
selectAll.addActionListener(this);  
mb=new JMenuBar();  
file=new JMenu("File");  
edit=new JMenu("Edit");  
help=new JMenu("Help");   
edit.add(cut);edit.add(copy);edit.add(paste);edit.add(selectAll);  
mb.add(file);mb.add(edit);mb.add(help);  
ta=new JTextArea();  
ta.setBounds(5,5,360,320);  
f.add(mb);f.add(ta);  
f.setJMenuBar(mb);
f.setLayout(null);  
f.setSize(400,400);  
f.setVisible(true);  
}   
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {  
if(e.getSource()==cut)  
ta.cut();  
if(e.getSource()==paste)  
ta.paste();  
if(e.getSource()==copy)  
ta.copy();  
if(e.getSource()==selectAll)  
ta.selectAll();  
}   
public static void main(String[] args) {  
    new MenuExample();  
}  
}  

Output: