SQUARE Function in SQL

The SQUARE is a mathematical function in Structured Query Language which returns the square of any specified number. This function shows the result in floating value. We can specify both positive or negative number in the SQUARE function, but it always returns positive value.

Syntax of SQUARE String Function

Syntax1: This syntax uses the SQUARE function with the column name of the SQL table:

In the syntax, we have to specify the name of that column on which we want to perform the SQUARE string function. We can also use multiple square functions in single query.

Syntax2: This syntax uses the SQUARE function with the number:

Examples of SQUARE String function

Example 1: The following SELECT query shows the square of 4:

Output:

SQUARE_of_4
16.0

Example 2: following SELECT query shows the square of -20:

Output:

SQUARE_of_-20
400.0

Example 3: The following SELECT query shows the square of 6:

Output:

SQUARE_6.2
38.44

Example 4: The following SELECT query shows the 5 characters from the SQUARE of the given string

Output:

Example 5: This example uses the SQUARE function with the table in Structured Query Language.

In this example, we will create the new table through which we will perform the SQUARE function on the columns of the table:

The following shows the syntax to create the new table in SQL:

CREATE TABLE Name_of_New_Table
(
First_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of First Column),  
Second_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the Second column ),  
Third_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the Third column),  
.......,  
Last_Column_of_table Data Type (character_size of the Last column)
);  

The following CREATE statement creates the Product_Details table for storing the price and quantity of products:

CREATE TABLE Product_Details
(
Product_ID INT NOT NULL,
Product_Name Varchar(50),
Product_Quantity INT,
Purchasing_Price INT,
Selling_Price INT,
Release_Date Date, 
Product_Rating INT
);

The following multiple INSERT queries insert the records of products with their selling and purchasing price into the Product_Details table:

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (104, P1, 10, 945, NULL, 2022-04-30, NULL);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (202, P4, 15, 45, 75, 2022-01-28, 5);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (103, P2, 18, 25, NULL, 2022-02-18, 4);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (111, P7, 25, 5, 15, 2021-12-25, 9);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (210, P6, 15, 50, 70, 2021-10-15, NULL);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (212, P8, 19, 110, 250, 2022-01-28, 4);

INSERT INTO Product_Details (Product_ID, Product_Name, Product_ Quantity Purchasing_Price, Selling_Price, Release_Date, Product_Rating) VALUES (112, P10, 10, 550, 835, 2022-04-11, NULL);

The following SELECT statement displays the inserted records of the above Product_Details table:

Product_ID	Product_Name	Product_Quantity	Purchasing_Price	Selling_Price	Release_Date	Product_Rating
104	P1	10	945	NULL	2022-04-30	NULL
202	P4	15	45	75	2022-01-28	5
103	P2	18	25	NULL	2022-02-18	4
111	P7	25	5	15	2021-12-25	9
210	P6	15	50	70	2021-10-15	NULL
212	P8	19	110	250	2022-01-28	4
112	P10	10	550	835	2022-04-11	NULL

Query 1:: The following SELECT query uses the SQUARE function with the Product_Quantity column of the above Product_Details table:

SELECT Product_ID, SQUARE(Product_ID) AS Square_of_ProductID FROM Product_Details;

This query shows the sqaure of each product Id in the resultant table

Output:

Product_ID	Square_of_ProductID_
104	10816.0
202	40804.0
103	10609.0
111	12321.0
210	44100.0
212	44944.0
112	12544.0

Query 2:: The following SELECT query uses the SQUARE function with the multiplication of product quantity with Purchasing_Price and Selling_Price column of the above Product_Details table:

SELECT Purchasing_Price, Product_Quantity, SQUARE(Purchasing_Price * Product_Quantity) AS Square_oftotalprice, Selling_Price, Product_Quantity, SQUARE(Selling_Price * Product_Quantity) AS Square_oftotalprice FROM Product_Details;

Output:

Purchasing_Price	Product_Quantity	Square_oftotalprice	Selling_Price	Product_Quantity	Square_oftotalprice
945	10	89302500.0	NULL	10	-
45	15	455625.0	75	15	1265625.0
25	18	202500.0	NULL	18	-
5	25	15625.0	15	25	140625.0
50	15	562500.0	70	15	140625.0
110	19	562500.0	250	19	1102500.0
550	10	30250000.0	835	10	69722500.0