NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 7 - Lifelines of National Economy

In this article we have covered the entire solution of the NCERT Geography Class 10 Chapter 7 with detailed answers. These detailed solutions are important for all those students who are going to appear for class X board exams. By reading these solutions students will be able to save their time because they don't have to search here and there for correct answers. We have also provided explanatory part for questions wherever its possible. These explanations will help students to understand logic behind the correct answer along with a little extra information.

Exercises: Page No. - 92

1.) Multiple choice questions.

Question:

a.) Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east-west corridor?

1. Mumbai and Nagpur
2. Silcher and Purbandar
3. Mumbai and Kolkata
4. Nagpur and Siligudi

Solution:

b.) Silcher and Purbander

Explanation:

Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways:

The government had plans to build six-lane super highways that would link Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Chennai.

The goal was to reduce the time needed to travel between these cities.

The North-South Corridor links Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) in the North with Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu's South.

This project is being carried out by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).

Question:

b.) Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?

1. Railways
2. Roadways
3. Pipelines
4. Waterways

Solution:

c.) Pipelines

Explanation:

Pipelines

The pipeline transport network eliminates transshipment losses and delays. The initial costs for installing pipeline networks are high, but only a small amount is needed to maintain them. In the past, cities and industries received water through pipelines. Petroleum products, crude oil, and natural gas are now transported via pipelines from oil and gas fields to refineries, thermal power plants, and fertilizer factories. When solids are turned into slurry, pipelines are also useful for transporting solids. Due to pipeline transportation, refineries and gas-based fertilizer plants were planned for remote inland locations in Panipat, Mathura, and Barauni.

Railways

Today, railways are more crucial to develop the country's economy than all other forms of transportation combined. Railways bind India's economic life together and quickened the development of agriculture and industry. In addition to serving as a crucial mode of transportation for more than 150 years, railways have developed into a force that unites the country.

In India, railways are the main mode of goods and passenger transportation. The Railways engage in various activities, including business, long-distance cargo shipping, religious travel, sightseeing, and pilgrimage. The Railways is India's largest public sector enterprise.

Roadways

The cost of constructing roads are much cheaper than railway lines. It stands to be the best means of transport for few persons and goods over a small distance. Roads can be used to travel those places where the topography or the land form is improper. Roads are one of the largest network in India. They can be built and maintained very easily. They are helpful in providing door to door service.

Question:

c.) Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?

1. Madhya Pradesh
2. Maharashtra
3. Gujarat
4. Uttar Pradesh

Solution:

b.) Maharashtra

Explanation:

The letters H, V, and J in H.V.J. stand for the Gujarati towns of Hazira, Vijaipur, and Jagdishpur, respectively. This pipeline connects Shahjahanpur, Babrala, and other locations in Uttar Pradesh. This pipeline also connects Kota in Rajasthan. The state of Maharashtra is not connected to this pipeline.

Pipelines in India

The pipeline transport network eliminates transshipment losses and delays. The initial costs for installing pipeline networks are high, but only a small amount is needed to maintain them. In the past, cities and industries received water through pipelines. Petroleum products, crude oil, and natural gas are now transported via pipelines from oil and gas fields to refineries, thermal power plants, and fertilizer factories. When solids are turned into slurry, pipelines are also useful for transporting solids. Due to pipeline transportation, refineries and gas-based fertilizer plants were planned for remote inland locations in Panipat, Mathura, and Barauni.

Question:

d.) Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well protected port along the east coast?

1. Chennai
2. Paradip
3. Tuticorin
4. Vishakhapatnam

Solution:

d.) Vishakhapatnam

Explanation:

95% of India's exports are processed through its major ports.

There are 12 major ports and 187 intermediate or minor ports in India. The coastline of India is about 7,516 km.

1. As the deepest land-locked port, Visakhapatnam is well guarded. Exporting iron ore was the reason it was constructed.
2. The Pradip Port in Odisha is used to export iron ore.
3. A historic artificial port in India is the port of Chennai. Chennai and Mumbai's ports are comparable in terms of trade volume.
4. Tamil Nadu is where Tuticorin Port is situated. The hinterland and natural harbor of this port are both rich. As a result, Tuticorin Port enjoys a thriving trade, handling a wide range of cargoes to the coastal areas of India and Sri Lanka.

Question:

e.) Which one of the following is the most important mode of transportation in India?

1. Pipeline
2. Railways
3. Roadways
4. Airways

Solution:

b.) Railways

Explanation:

Today, railways are more crucial to develop the country's economy than all other forms of transportation combined. Railways bind India's economic life together and quickened the development of agriculture and industry. In addition to serving as a crucial mode of transportation for more than 150 years, railways have developed into a force that unites the country.

In India, railways are the main mode of goods and passenger transportation. The Railways engage in various activities, including business, long-distance cargo shipping, religious travel, sightseeing, and pilgrimage. The Railways is India's largest public sector enterprise.

Administrative, economic, and physiographic factors influenced the growth and distribution of the Indian Railway network. The Northern Plains' abundant agricultural resources, high population density, and level terrain made it an ideal location for railway development.

Question:

f.) Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?

1. Internal trade
2. International trade
3. External trade
4. Local trade

Solution:

b.) International Trade

Explanation:

International Trade

1. The only trade that takes place internationally is between two countries.
2. Trade across borders is conducted by land, air, and sea.
3. International trade is a nation's economic yardstick.
4. A country's international commerce can be used as a gauge of its economic health.

Local Trade

1. Local trade is the term for trade that occurs in towns, cities, and villages.
2. State-level trade is any transaction that takes place between two or more states.
3. Due to the limited resources on Earth, no nation can live without international trade.

2.) Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

Question:

a.) State any three merits of roadways.

Solution:

Three merits of roadways are as follows:

1. The cost of constructing roads are much cheaper than railway lines.
2. It stands to be the best means of transport for few persons and goods over a small distance.
3. Roads can be used to travel those places where the topography or the land form is improper.

More merits of roadways:

1. Roads are one of the largest network in India.
2. They can be built and maintained very easily.
3. They are helpful in providing door to door service.
4. Roads also act as a feeder for other means of transport.

Question:

b.) Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?

Solution:

The northern plains include level tracts of terrain with a large population density and abundant agricultural resources, making rail transportation the most practical mode.

Question:

c.) What is the significance of the border roads?

Solution:

Border roads play a crucial strategic role in the country's border regions. They have improved accessibility in areas with challenging terrain and aided in the economic development of these regions.

1. In the Northeastern and Northern border regions, access to areas of challenging terrain has improved, thanks to border roads.
2. Northeastern and Northern border regions' economies have benefited from the construction of border roads.
3. When border roads are built, residents of border regions will have easier access to healthcare facilities, educational institutions, and many other facilities.
4. The tourism industry will also benefit from it.
5. The maintenance of India's security will be aided most significantly by border roads.
6. Armed forces can reach border regions quickly and aid in defending the country's borders from outside aggression, thanks to border roads.

Question:

d.) What is meant by trade? What is the difference between international and local trade?

Solution:

Trade is the term used to describe the transfer of goods between nations, states, and individuals. Trade is the movement of goods between the place of manufacture and the markets. Market refers to the location where goods are exchanged. Depending on the demand, these markets could exist at all levels, including local, state, national, and international.

1. Trade consist of two most important components, imports and exports.
2. The trade balance measures how much a country exports and imports.
3. When imports exceed exports in value, this is referred to as having an unfavorable trade balance.
4. When the value of exports exceeds the value of imports, a favorable trade balance exists.

International Trade

1. The only trade that takes place internationally is between two countries.
2. Trade across borders is conducted by land, air, and sea.
3. International trade is a nation's economic yardstick.
4. A country's international commerce can be used as a gauge of its economic health.

Local Trade

1. Local trade is the term for trade that occurs in towns, cities, and villages.
2. State-level trade is any transaction that takes place between two or more states.
3. Due to the limited resources on Earth, no nation can live without international trade.

3.) Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

Question:

a.) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?

Solution:

India is currently connected to the rest of the globe despite its enormous size, diversity, and linguistic and sociocultural heterogeneity. Its socioeconomic development has been aided by railroads, airways, rivers, newspapers, radio, cinema, television, and the internet, among other things. Because they are necessary for rapid development, transportation and communication infrastructure are referred to as a country's and its economy's "lifelines."

Along with facilitating trade, these various modes of transportation and communication have improved our quality of life and significantly increased the availability of luxuries and comforts.

Question:

b.) Write a note on the changing nature of international trade in the last fifteen years.

Solution:

International trade is the term for trading between nations. The previous fifteen years have seen a significant transformation in global trade. Information and knowledge exchange has surpassed the exchange of goods and commodities. For instance, India has become a global software powerhouse, and the export of information technology is generating significant foreign cash for the country.

The connections between nations and other external variables like taxes and tariffs on the movement of products also influence international trade. Different trade blocs have arisen during the past fifteen years, altering how trade was previously handled internationally.