Ford Company

Ford Motor Company or most famously known as Ford is well renowned American company worldwide. Ford has been working as a vehicle producer and manufacturer for more than 118 years successfully; the firm's main headquarters is in Dearborn, Michigan, the city of the United States. This firm was primarily established by Henry Ford and built on June 16, 1903. Ford not only sells automobiles and commercial vehicles but also sells lavish cars for its popular luxury brand name Lincoln. But apart from these luxury cars, Ford also possesses Brazilian SUV producer Troller. Also, the firm had its share in other big companies, such as 8% in Aston Martin, which is a brand of the United Kingdom, and 32% shares of the Chinese firm Jiangling Motors.

The firm also has a combined business enterprise with the Chinese firm Changan Ford, Taiwan's firm Ford Lio Ho, Thailand's AutoAlliance Thailand Company, Turkish firm Ford Otosan, and Russian corporation Ford Sollers. The corporation is scheduled on the New York Stock Exchange (one of the biggest stock exchanges in the world) and is working under the supervision of the Ford family; they have marginal possession, but because of the greater part of the voting power, all the controls come under them.

Being one of the oldest firms in the world in the automobile industry the, Ford initiated the main techniques used for the extensive developments of cars and also how to manage the large-scale administration of handling employees with the help of highly developed and modern techniques which were characterized by affecting assembly lines and until 1914, these techniques were recognized as the Fordism in all around the globe.

In the year 2018, the firm was ranked as the eleventh largest American corporation on the Fortune 500 list of the year; this list was based on worldwide revenues of the previous year, 2017, where ford earned $156.7 billion. In the same year, Ford formed 5.532 million vehicles and became the firm with nearly 213,000 workers at approximately 90 plants and services worldwide. The firm's main purpose is to help create enhanced humankind, in which every human being is free to go anywhere they want and chase their dreams for themselves. Even the present chairman of the firm, Bill Ford said that "A good firm conveys outstanding products and services but a great one brings outstanding products and services and strives to build the world an enhanced place."

Overview on Ford

Founded by Henry Ford\
Year of foundation- 16^th June, 1903
Place of foundation- Dearborn, Michigan, United States.
Headquarters- Dearborn, Michigan, United States.
Number of staff members- 213,000 employees
Providing services- Automobiles, Luxury vehicles, Commercial vehicles, Automotive parts, Pickup trucks, SUVs
Chairman & CEO- William Clay Ford Jr. (Executive Chairman), Jim Farley (President & CEO)
Field of working- All over the world

Establishment and Early Days of the Company

When we talk about the establishment of the firm, the founder Mr. Henry Ford kept his first step in the industry through his first firm Henry Ford Company which was started in November 1901. But the firm was renamed Cadillac Motor Company in 1902 when Henry decided to leave all the rights regarding his name. But the next year, he again launched a big factory with the help of twelve investors (who gave him an amount of $28,000 (a big amount for those days). He named his firm the Ford Motor Company, and the firm's two main investors, John and Horace Dodge, also later launched their firms of cars. One interesting fact about the firm was its founder Mr. Henry was a young man (39 years old while founding the firm), and even after him, the firm is still in control of his Ford family.

After establishing the firm, Ford decided to not become its first President and he gave this honor to a local banker Mr. John S. Gray, so that all the investors can be ensured that Mr. Henry will not leave his new firm in the same way as he did earlier. The firm, in its early days, was producing a small number of cars a day at its industrial unit, which was on Mack Avenue and after a few days in another factory was on Piquette Avenue in Detroit, Michigan. Only the collection of two or three men at a time was working on every car, it was gathering parts prepared generally by the supplier corporations contracting for Ford. But in the upcoming 10 years, the firm mentor the world in the development and modification of the assembly line idea, and within no time, Ford started producing most of these parts by itself.

After a year of establishment in 1904, Henry Ford helped in building the first global plant for his firm in Walkerville (now Windsor), Ontario; it was just right of the Detroit River (that means closer to the Firm's other services, to keep an eye on every service). As the corporation was a completely separate business with a huge number of shareholders and investors, the firm was not only targeting entire Canada to sell vehicles but also wanted to be part of every country's market with its products. In the year 1907, Childe Harold Wills was chosen to create the logo of the firm, and with the help of his grandfather's outline set, he created a logo in the writing styles which were taught in the schools during their (Will and Henry's) childhood. Yet, there was no Ford oval on any car till then the 1927 Model A came out. From 1903 to 1908, the firm launched many car models such as A, B, C, F, K, N, R, and S, and more than hundreds or even a few thousand cars were sold every year, and Ford was already in profit till now.

But in the year 1908, Ford launched its first out-of-the-country sales division in the beautiful city of Paris in France and also introduced its latest model T, to the world in the same year. This amazing model of Henry was so simple yet classic, easily affordable by an upper-middle-class man, and was the sturdy automobile, so this model gave wheels to the entire world until the model was stopped established by the firm in 1927; over 15 million cars were already sold which proves it one of the best invention of the era and one of the greatest cars in the whole world till now. But this was not the only reason behind the car; in 1908, there were merely about 18,000 miles of cemented roads in the US. And this model was designed with the light and strong vanadium steel alloy as vital elements of the car so that it could deal with the age-old roads ( rough roads). Also, at the same time, the majority of the automobiles were so costly that only the richest people could buy them, and others were using public transport and trains to travel from one place to another. But the firm was not satisfied with the small number of buyers. Hence, they decided to create another better and more affordable transport option, and luckily for millions of fresh drivers, it was what helped them get what they wanted.

And Ford was also creating these boats to support the Navy throughout World War I, and at the time, Ford was producing a vast number and set a record of a boat in merely ten days. This was not only a way to get profit but Henry Ford's noble attempt to support the country and construct simply a product by affecting their manufacturing principles to a fresh product. This idea of using such production was already applied by the firm in the past and was completed successfully.

In the year 1913, Ford's launched another updated version of Model T to reduce the price of the primary Model T. And this updated version was finally concentrated on the Model T's framework assembly line from 12.5 to almost 1.5 hours. In doing so, they created a revolution in the industries of car manufacturers. The speed of accelerator with which Ford could create cars helped him carry on lowering the cost of the Model T so this was a good way to support the firm.

In the year 1914, $5 per day was introduced by Henry Ford, which was twice the obtainable pay speed for factory personnel, and at its peak of that, Ford fixed the workday from nine to eight hours a day. The day after the "$5 per day" was announced by the Ford, a predictable 10,000 people lined up outside Ford's hiring office eager to be hired. Ford's amplified pay greatly enhanced employee maintenance since the repetitive and tiring work of the stirring assembly line was the basis of lofty turnover.

The improved wage permitted many of Ford's employees to buy the cars they created, and the eight-hour workday permitted Ford to run 3 shifts a day in the place of 2. The increased pay, enlarged free time, and even enlarged the individual mobility of car ownership and even enlarged the individual mobility of car ownership were all important features in forming an American middle-class person.

Ford's History from 1917 to 2021

Ford kept upgrading every year, so here are some key points about the changes that happened during these years,

In 1917, ford started building THE RIVER ROUGE COMPLEX, which in a few years, turned into one of the largest integrated factories in the entire world.
In 1918, Ford launched their first-ever truck, which was named The Ford Model TT.
In 1918, Ford's Factory River Rouge complex started its first production which was the Anti-submarine Patrol Boats (42 eagle-class boats).
In 1919, Henry's Son Edsel Ford became the President of the firm.
In 1922, Ford Bought the Lincoln Motor Company which is one of the greatest luxury car producers in the world even today.
In 1925, Ford kept its first step in the aircraft world with their First plane named "Tin Goose," (on the name of their Car Model T's nickname which was "Tin Lizzie.")
In 1925, Tin Goose became the First airplane to be used by American Commercial Airlines.
In 1927, Ford bought their Model A in the Market which became a huge hit even when the market was going through the difficult routes of the Great Depression.
In 1930, The River Rouge Complex hired a nearby 10000 work staff as the workload on the factory was huge.
In 1932, the firm launched its V8 engines which were the first commercial engines by the firm and went successful with ease due to their budget-friendly, strong, and flexible nature.
In 1932, Ford also started selling their Lincoln Zephyr Line which was luxury cars for the people with heavy pockets.
In 1938, Edsel Ford started selling the Mercury cars, which was his initiative for the people who could not buy costly Lincoln cars but wanted something better and lavish than the budget-friendly Ford cars.
In 1941, Ford took another step to support the Military and Government (during the World War 2) and started producing jeeps for the U.S Military (later nicknamed according to their G.P)
In the same year, due to a struggle between Detroit's Auto Makers and the employees, Ford signed a contract with its entire work staff to provide them with a better salary, profits, and a good work atmosphere (again won the heart of employees).
In 1942, when war (World War II) was already going on, to support the military ford started Civilian Auto Productions which were providing the Military equipment to US Military.
In 1943, an unfortunate moment arrived when Edsel Ford suddenly died; with his death, Henry Ford was forced to be back on the position of the President (as Edsel was the only son of Clara and Henry Ford).
Later in 1945, the grandson of Henry and the son of Edsel Ford Henry ford II became the Preeident of the firm (from 1945- 1960) and later stayed CEO (from 1960-1979). Henry II is also known for their discipline and modern management; he bought during his workdays in the firm.
In 1948, the Firm bought their F-series Line (on the truck), and later in the same year, they also started selling the 1949 Ford.
In 1954, Ford started selling The Thunderbird, which was the gift of relief and handiness over sportiness from the firm to the customers.
Also, in the same year, ford started crash testing all the products they offered, and even today, the tests are going on to prove that the vehicles are safe.
In 1956, ford also became a public trade firm.
In 1957, Ford launched its Edsel.
In 1959, Ford established Ford Credit which is a company that offers lends and leases to car buyers by the firm.
In 1964, ford started selling the Ford Mustang which is one of the fastest-selling vehicles in history now.
In 1965, ford made a huge merger with Ford Germany and Ford to grow their business in entire Europe.
In 1965, ford started working with NASA's Apollo and Gemini space programs, where they were creating the design, equipment, staffing, building, and doing further support work.
In 1970, ford created three pointing, capable of self adjust, taking back front Outboard leg, and also shoulder belts for the car.
In 1976, to robust its place in Europe, ford launched Fiesta.
In 1978, Ford introduced the Downsized platform in response to high prices in India.
In 1980, Ford welcomed its new Chairman and CEO Phillip Caldwell who was the first non-ford family CEO of the company
In 1981, Ford begins selling the Fifth Generation of the Cars Escort.
In 1986, Ford established Modular Assembly Line at the St. Louis Assembly Plant of the company.
In 1993, Ford launched its first global sedan (The Mondeo)
In 2001, Ford's CEO Jacques Naseer replaced position with Bill Ford, it was important for the company to return to its basis
In 2003, Ford celebrates its 100^th Anniversary
In 2004, Ford launched its first premium sports car GT.
In 2006, Ford faced a crisis and Alan Mullaly became the President and CEO of Ford.
In 2007, Ford started providing Sync in Vehicles from 2008 Models.
In 2009, Ford starts providing a unique Turbo Charged Ecoboost line of Engines.
In 2014, Mark Fields became the new CEO of the Company
In 2016, Ford launched Smart Mobility, LLC is established.
In 2017, Ford got its new CEO, Jim Hackett.
In 2018, ford bought Cork Town Campus in the Michigan United States.
In 2020, Jim Farley became the new CEO of the firm.
In the same year, Ford started an all-electric e-transit.
In 2020, Ford started selling its iconic Car Bronco
Ford launched their new truck of the future, the f-150.

Executive Management Officers of the Firm

In 2018, the main members of the headboard in the firm were Mr. Stephen Butler, Kimberly Casiano, Anthony F. Earley, Jr., Edsel Ford II, William Clay Ford Jr. who is the Chairman of the firm, Jim Hackett who was President and CEO at that time, William W. Helman IV, William E. Kennard, John C. Lechleiter, Ellen Marram, John L. Thornton, John Veihmeyer, Lynn Vojvodich, and John S. Weinberg. But after two years the position of Chief Executive officer (CEO) was given to Jim Farley (Currently working) and Jim Hackett is still part of the firm in the position of the Advisor in the firm.

The Ford Motor Company Fund

This is one of the most important parts of the organization; the Ford Motor Company Fund, or Ford Fund (not allied with the Ford Foundation), is situated in Dearborn, Michigan. Ford fund is the charitable support of the Ford Motor Corporation. It was established by Henry Ford in 1949 and is a completely nonprofit business foundation^.The finance of the firm is managed by donations from the Ford Motor Company. It helps the firm to support the people and do some social work as well. In 2017, Ford Fund donated almost $63 million to many different causes including edification, driving securely, and society building.

The firm also provides opportunities for learning driving skills to the teen(or mainly focused on them) to teach them all the safety rules needed on the road with the help of the Governors Highway Safety Association and safety professionals. Also, there is The Ford Volunteer Corps which permits the employees and retirees to work on the local projects as volunteers in 40 countries. With the help of the Ford Motor Company Funds, Ford is giving nearby 18 million to different projects like (Education plans and scholarships like Alan Mulally Engineering Scholarship, Ford Blue Oval Scholars Programs, Ford College Community Challenge or known as Ford C3, Ford Driving Dreams Tour, Ford Fund/Detroit Free Press Journalism Scholarship, Ford Next Generation Learning or popular as the Ford NGL, funding to Individuals Programs, HBCU Community Challenge, Smithsonian Latino Center Young Ambassadors Program, and William Clay Ford Automotive Design Scholarship programs) to the education departments of the United States.

Area of the operations

The firm is widely spread almost all around the world. Few areas have a huge demand, whereas few formal functional areas are also in the record of Ford; here is a list to understand the Area of Operations by the Ford Motors Company.

S.No	Area /Country	Total	revenue/units sold
1.	United States	136 Billion (U.S dollars) In 2021
2.	North America	88 Billion (U.S dollars) In 2021
3.	United Kingdom	9.6 Billion (U.S dollars) In 2018
4.	Germany	7.93 Billion	(U.S dollars) In 2021
5.	Other Parts of Europe Like (Belgium, Spain, etc)	194.460 Euros (not verified) in 2021
6.	Turkey	71.1 Billion Lira in 2021
7.	Portugal	9,015 Units sold in 2019
8.	Russia	209,000 RUB in 2016
9.	China	Sold 457,000 Units in 2021
10.	East and South Asia (Like Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Taiwan)	306,700 Vehicles sold (including greater China) in 2021
11.	South Korea	10,447 Units sold in 2021
12.	India	Over 500 Crores (Indian currency) in 2021
13. 1	South America	88 billion US dollars in 2021
14. 1	Africa 3.9 million	in 2021
15. 1	Indonesia	No sales
16. 1	Japan	No sales
17.	Australia	No sales

Area of the operations

Research Centers of Ford

There are different Ford Research and Innovation Centers in different countries; the main purpose behind the foundations of these centers is to provide technical research services to the Ford Motor Company. The First Research center by the ford firm was in Palo Alto, opened in the year 2012 for a limited time, but in 2015, the firm announced to expand the use and operations of the Center. Few other centers are

Ford Research and Innovation Center in the Dearborn, Michigan
Ford Research and Innovation Center in the Palo Alto, California
Ford Research and Innovation Center in the Aachen, Germany
Ford Research and Innovation Center in the Nanjing, China

Sponsorship

Ford sponsors several sports and other events in the ford center in Evansville, Indiana, and Ford Field in downtown Detroit. The company also has chief sponsorship of the UEFA Championship for more than twenty years and also Premier League Football.

Product and Services by Ford

Ford is creating a wide range of vehicles and automobiles along with affordable cars and also luxury cars. The firm has sold vehicles for more than 118 years and has spread to the entire world. Many men dream of buying "Ford," which makes the brand one of the best brands in the world.

Automobile
Trucks
Buses
Tractors
Financial Services
Automobile
Motorsport
Open-wheel car racing
Indy-car
Formula ford
Formula one
Stock Car racing
Rally
Rallycross
Sport Car
Touring Car
Drag racing
Drifting

Environmental Initiatives

Not only in the field of vehicles, but Ford has its place in environmental efforts as well. They launched most of their vehicles from the Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and flexible fuel vehicles as well. They also launched electrical drive vehicles to save the environment and to support nature as well as save natural fuels. Ford is one of the most prestigious brands in the world, and it is also the one that works for the betterment of nature and humankind. Ford kept researching Fuel Cells powered electro-power trains and trying to create hydrogen-fueled vehicles. The company increased its fuel efficiency in the vehicles and tried to create a better driving environment for the world.

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