List of Body Parts

The human body is unexpectedly the most incredible organism on the planet. No other organism has the same level of complexeness like us. Yet we are advanced creatures who are evolving day by day.

The human body exists as a composition of all living and non-living elements that make a whole structure of human beings, including every living cell, tissue, organ, and system. The morphological features of a human body consist of basic five parts- the head, neck, core body, arms, and legs. There are five senses of the body - ear, eye, nose, tongue, and skin. These parts make a body compatible to sense the stimuli or environment and then react. However, millions of nerves are interacting chemically and biologically beneath the skin to make a body function.

Our body consists of numerous biological systems that carry out several functions like the respiratory system, excretory system, nervous system, circulatory system, digestive system, etc. Below are the major categories of body parts of humans:

1. Head

The human head comprises a fleshy exterior layer covering the bone structure called a Skull. The front of the head consists of the eyes, ears, nose, and mouth which is called as Face. The main function of the head is to envelop and support the brain and its primary sensory organs like the mouth, eye, ears, and nose. These organs function by accepting messages from the nervous system in the brain and then reacting accordingly. The head is probably the most sensitive part of the human body. The vascular and muscular structures of the head contain millions of small interconnected parts and nerves that need to be located very precisely to their location to work properly. The human head includes several parts such as Skull, Cranium, Mandible, Maxilla, Nasal bone, Zygomatic bone for the eye and the face includes, eyes, nose, ears, mouth, and tongue.

2. Upper Limb

Upper limbs include the shoulder, arms, upper arm, elbow, forearm, hand, wrist, palm, and fingers. In casual language, the term arm usually refers to the entire upper limb starting from the shoulder to the fingers. But the part between the shoulder and elbow is known as the upper arm and the part between the elbow and wrist is called Forearm.

• Shoulder
  It is a ball and socket-like joint located where the humerus end and clavicle and scapula are present.
• Elbow
  It is a hinge joint between the humerus and ulna.
• Hands
  The hands are an important part of the body because it acts evolutionary to all environmental stimuli. Both the hands are controlled by the left or right brain hemisphere so it depends on it for preferred hand choice for single-handed activities like writing, eating, etc. This reflects the trait of a particular individual and thus can vary from person to person.

3. Lower limb

• Lower Limb
  The lower limbs consist of the hip, butts, leg, thighs, calves, lower leg, knee, ankle, foot, heel, and toes.
• Buttock
  The butts are a mass of glutes or glute muscles covered by a thick layer of fat.
• Leg
  The leg is often said as a lower limb of the body which extends from the area of the hip to the ankle by involving the thighs, knees, and the lower leg.
• Lower Leg
  The lower leg is located between the knee and ankle, involving bones such as the tibia and fibula. The muscle enclosing the back of the lower leg is called a calf.
• Thigh
  It is the area between the abdomen and the knee. The bone in the thigh is called Femur and it is very thick and known as the longest bone in the body. The bone is in the structure of the ball and socket located below between the hip and the joint at the knee.
• Knee
  It is the lower joint connecting the femur bone and the tibia. The knee is made of two separate joints named femoral-patellar and femoral tibial joints. The femoral-patellar joint has a patella or kneecap and the groove of the kneecap on the front side of the femur helps in sliding whereas the femoral-tibial joint connects the femur, and thigh bone with the tibia and the main bone to the lower leg. The knee also consists of cartilage tissue that prevents the rubbing of bones on each other, hence called the Menisci.
• Ankle
  It is the joint that formed between the foot and the lower leg. The ankle is a hinge joint that links the distal end of the tibia and fibula in the lower leg with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot.
  The foot is made to bear the weight of the whole body. They do have five toes and the bottom of the foot is called the sole. The ball in the foot is a place where the toes are attached. It is fleshy and muscular. Runners usually run by putting all the body weight on the balls of their feet for maintaining proper balance.

4. Torso

The torso or trunk is the largest part of the body. The main role of the trunk is to provide the core structure and a shape to the human body and to store all the internal organs like the heart, lungs, kidney stomach, liver, etc. to perform vital functions in the body. The torso also contains several bloody vessels and capillaries that exchange oxygen flow in the whole body.

One of the most important parts of the body is the Spine which provides support to the body. The spine is composed of separated bones called vertebrae; the cartilage tissue is present between vertebrae that prevent clashing of the bones. There is a total of 26 vertebrae in the spine.

Chest is the another main part of the body protected by a cage of many bones named the rib cage. The rib cage encloses the heart, lungs, and other internal organs. The muscles connected in this region are known as the pectoral muscle and trapezius muscle.

The torso includes parts such as the shoulder, chest, and rib cage enclosing the heart and lungs, the upper abdomen includes abdomen muscles, stomach, kidney, liver, and the lower abdomen includes small intestines, and large intestines, colon, and rectum. At last posterior part include the spine and glutes.