out of range exception C++An exception is a runtime error that tampers with the regular instructions that a program follows. It is an undesirable occurrence that is not anticipated to happen during the program's typical execution. One of the common scenarios where an out-of-range exception occurs is when accessing elements of an array or a container using an index that is less than zero or greater than or equal to the size of the data structure. In C++, we can issue exceptions using the throw keyword and handle them using the try-catch blocks. The try-catch block is the cornerstone of exception management. Anywhere in the code where an exception might occur is surrounded by a try-catch block. When the C++ compiler detects an issue with the program, the try keyword is used to cause an exception to be thrown. The try keyword indicates the section of the code where that particular problem occurred, while the catch keyword catches the exceptions. Programs can throw the "Out of range" exception, which is a common one. The vector, deque, string, and bitset modules in the standard library can additionally throw exceptions when they are outside of their expected range. If any value that is not included in the expected values is supplied to the method, an exception known as "out of range" is thrown. Knowing the reason behind exceptions is aided by it. An "out of range" exception in C++ is raised when an attempt is made to access an element outside the permitted range or bounds of a data structure, such as an array, vector, string, or other container. The C++ Standard Library's std::out_of_range exception class is commonly used to represent this type of exception. The following is the theory behind the C++ out-of-range exception: 1. std::out of range Exceptional class:
2. Common Causes:
3. In handling:
4. Preventing:
Example:Let's take an example to illustrate the use of std::out_of_range in C++: Output: Out of Range error: vector::_M_range_check: __n (which is 5) >= this->size() (which is 3) Explanation: In this case, the std::out_of_range exception is thrown when an attempt is made to use myVector.at(5) to access an element at index 5 of the vector. This exception is caught and handled in the catch block.
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