wctob() function in C++

The wctob() function in C++ is used to translate a wide character into an equivalent single-byte character representation. It is a component of the <cwchar> header. It is usually applied to multibyte character encodings.

Syntax:

It has the following syntax:

Parameters:

wc: You wish to convert this wide character of type wint_t.

Return Value:

The function returns the corresponding single-byte character representation for a wide character (wc) that can be represented as an unsigned char cast to an int.
The function returns EOF if and only if wc is the wide character representation of an invalid single-byte character or WEOF (end-of-file wide character).

Description:

The wctob() function is commonly used in the context of multibyte character encodings because not all wide characters can be represented as single-byte characters.
It determines if a single-byte character is represented for a given wide character (WCC).
If so, an integer representing the single-byte character representation is returned. It returns EOF if it doesn't or if wc is WEOF to indicate an error or end-of-file.

Example 1:

Let's take an example to illustrate the use of the wctob() function in C++.

#include <cwchar>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
wchar_t wideChar = L'A';
int result = wctob(wideChar);
if (result != EOF) {
std::cout << "Corresponding single-byte character: " << static_cast<char>(result) << std::endl;
} else {
std::cerr << "Invalid wide character or end-of-file." << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}

Output:

Explanation:

This example will print the corresponding single-byte character if wideChar is a wide character with a valid single-byte character representation. It will print an error message.
Remember that the wctob() function works best when combined with other wide character functions, and that the program's particular locale and encoding settings may affect how the function behaves.

Example 2:

Let's take another example to illustrate the use of the wctob() function in C++.

#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
int fun() 
{ 
int i, num; 
const wchar_t wc[] = L"priya lal"; 
num = 0; 
for (i = 0; i < wcslen(wc); ++i) 
if (wctob(wc[i]) != EOF) 
++num; 
wprintf(L"wc has %d characters to be translated"
			"to single-byte characters.", num); 
} 
int main() 
{ 
fun(); 
return 0; 
} 

Output:

Example 3:

Let's take another example to illustrate the use of the wctob() function in C++.

#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
void fun(wchar_t wc) 
{ 
int cn = wctob(wc); 
if (cn != EOF) 
printf("%#x translated to %#x\n", wc, cn); 
else
printf("%#x could not be translated\n", wc); 
} 
int main(void) 
{ 
char* utf_locale_present = setlocale(LC_ALL, "th_TH.utf8"); 
puts("In Thai UTF-8 locale:"); 
fun(L'a'); 
fun(L'?'); 
}

Output: