std::future in C++One of the most useful tools are available in the C++ Standard Library for multithreading and asynchronous programming is std:: future. This part is essential to handling asynchronous operations and getting output from jobs that are running concurrently. Included in the C++11 concurrency utilities, it provides a standard method for handling asynchronous computations, allowing programmers to create responsive and effective programs. What is std::future?The std::future is a method for getting a value from a concurrent operation, which can be operating asynchronously in a different thread or task. It contains a value that might not be accessible right now and offers a means to retrieve the outcome after the related task is finished. This feature is a part of C++'s larger concurrency architecture, which promotes effective communication between asynchronous tasks. Basic Usage:The <future> header file needs to be included in the code to use std::future. Creating a std::future object linked to a specific asynchronous job and then retrieving the result when it becomes available constitute the basic workflow. Example: Let us take a look at this straightforward example, in which the function performTask() yields an asynchronous result: Output: Result: 42 Explanation: Function performTask():-
main() Function:
Get the Result:
std::future in C++:
Overall, this code shows how to use std::future in C++ to conduct an asynchronous job (performTask()) and efficiently retrieve its result while allowing the main thread to continue its execution. Managing Exceptions:- Additionally, std::future offers a mechanism to handle exceptions that may arise while the asynchronous task is being executed. Exceptions are caught using std::future::wait() or std::future::wait_for() and are propagated by utilizing the std::future::get() method. Timeouts and Wait Functions:- There are various ways to wait for the outcome to become available or to specify a waiting timeout period with std::future. The wait(), wait_for(), and wait_until() functions are among them. wait(): Waits for the result to become available before blocking the current thread. wait_for(): This method is used to hold out on releasing the result for a predetermined amount of time. wait_until(): This method is used to hold out on releasing the result until a specified moment.
Shared Futures and Promises:-
Best Practices and Considerations:
Conclusion:In conclusion, C++'s std::future module is an effective tool for organizing asynchronous tasks and generating the output of concurrent processes. Because of its features, developers can create asynchronous computations in a standard manner and create responsive and effective apps. Programmers can use std::future's capabilities to create scalable and reliable concurrent programming applications by learning how to use it, handling errors, employing wait functions, and applying best practices. Next Topicstrpbrk() Function in C++ |