Spanning TreeA subgraph T of a connected graph G is called spanning tree of G if T is a tree and T include all vertices of G. Minimum Spanning Tree:Suppose G is a connected weight graph i.e., each edge of G is assigned a non-negative number called the weight of edge, then any spanning tree T of G is assigned a total weight obtained by adding the weight of the edge in T. A minimum spanning tree of G is a tree whose total weight is as small as possible. Kruskal's Algorithm to find a minimum spanning tree: This algorithm finds the minimum spanning tree T of the given connected weighted graph G.
Example1: Determine the minimum spanning tree of the weighted graph shown in fig: Solution: Using kruskal's algorithm arrange all the edges of the weighted graph in increasing order and initialize spanning tree T with all the six vertices of G. Now start adding the edges of G in T which do not form a cycle and having minimum weights until five edges are not added as there are six vertices. Edges Weights Added or Not Step1: Step2: Step3: Step4: Step5: Step6: Edge (A, B), (D, E) and (E, F) are discarded because they will form the cycle in a graph. So, the minimum spanning tree form in step 5 is output, and the total cost is 18. Example2: Find all the spanning tree of graph G and find which is the minimal spanning tree of G shown in fig: Solution: There are total three spanning trees of the graph G which are shown in fig: To find the minimum spanning tree, use the KRUSKAL'S ALGORITHM. The minimal spanning tree is shown in fig: Edges Weights Added or Not The first one is the minimum spanning having the minimum weight = 11. Next TopicBinary Operation |