Python Bitwise XOR OperatorBinary language is the language of a computer. All the inner mechanisms of a computer happen concerning bits. Bitwise operators are the set of operators that allow the programmer to perform bitwise operations on integers. These operators allow the programmer to manipulate the lower-level data in a computer. There are a total of six bitwise operators in Python:
This article discusses the Bitwise XOR operator with examples.
Now, let us understand the operation of Bitwise XOR:
Operation:
The truth table of XOR:
Let us understand the concept using an example: If we want to perform: 3 ^ 4: 1. Both the integers are converted into binary forms: 3 -> 0 1 1 4 -> 1 0 0 2. Now, xor is applied bitwise: ![]() 3. Finally, the resultant binary number is converted back to its decimal form. 1 1 1 represents 7 4. Output -> 7 3 ^ 4 -> 7 Now, for the same operands, let us write a code for xor: Output: ![]() On Boolean values:We can perform xor on Boolean values. When we operate on two integers, 1 is equivalent to Boolean True, and 0 is equivalent to Boolean False. Truth table:
Output: ![]() Structure of outputs:
Let us take the above example: ![]() Code: Output: ![]() Understanding: If a ^ b -> c Then, c ^ a -> b c ^ b -> a
Role of xor in cryptography:The above relation got xor a small role in cryptography models.
Example: If A wants to send the message 3 to B and their secret key is 4 3 ^ 4 -> 5. A will send 5 to B. B already knows the secret key is 4. He will decrypt the message using xor again: 5 ^ 4 -> 3 Message successfully received.
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